There is a moment in “Val” The Autobiographical documentary from Val Kilmer ( available on Amazon Prime) That became a sort of nexus point from which for me everything else extended outwardly from. The moment not only encapsulated Val Kilmer the person, but also Val Kilmer the actor. It takes place early on in the film when Kilmer takes us back to some of his footage from Juliard. He’s learning from the great acting professor Peter Kass, who at the moment is watching him perform a monologue of Hamlet, Kass sits there almost completely and perfectly still until Val finishes his monologue. I’ve been there many times as an actor myself. In the eons of suffocating time that existed between my final words and the teachers first words I felt besieged with anxiety almost instantly. Being in that particular position is one that I still find far more daunting than being in front of the camera or an audience. It is there that Val's and “Val”’s journey began for me, because it’s the authentic beginning of almost every actors search for validation. This is one of the more poignant subtle points the doc makes. Once Kilmer is done, Kass barely takes a beat and then unleashes a barrage of fascinating and controversial words in a sentence about acting. Words that would come to define for me what the issue with Val Kilmer's career would end up being. Kass asks kilmer for a summarization of what he was doing, what he was going for, what motivated him. Kilmer answers something to the effect that because he didn't have this experience that he then relied on something akin to it to try to bring some truth. Kass's reply is as swift as it is sure; “ Yes you have had this response” - Kass says, “There are no limitations to the actor’s capacity to create a capacity to have experienced even that which is not a conscious experience in your life”. Kass would continue that it is because of his belief in these words that he does not align with the (Uta Hagen) school of thought around substitution. For the uninitiated “Substitution” is the acting philosophy that when you have not experienced the exactitude of a certain experience (let’s say death of a dear friend) you substitute it with something akin, so that you may not have lost a friend but you have experienced varying forms of loss in your life and you may use and lean on that in the stead. I don't agree with Kass's assertion without boundaries. The assumption that even on a some conscious level you have experienced every single experience lacks empathy and is a problematic assertion inside and outside of the school of acting. To make a quick example involving race, if a white person believes there is no experience that is foreign to them that a black person could experience, then problematically, outside of acting it could lead them to lack empathy towards a number of situations that are specific to black members of society, and in the school of acting it could lead to them believing that they could take on roles that they absolutely shouldn't have any business taking on. Regardless of what side of that school of thought you fall on, Kass's words do hold importance, and betray a certain truth over the rest of Val Kilmer's documentary. Because as you watch the rest of his life and career unfold through the length of this documentary it starts to become apparent that the the bulk of the issues that seem to have stalked a good number of Kilmer performances as well as the issues that marred his choices sprung forth from the fact that the lesson that Kass tried to impart to Kilmer was never fully absorbed.